➀ Global telecom equipment revenues rebounded with 4% YoY growth in H1 2025 after two years of decline, driven by improved comparisons, inventory stabilization, and favorable currency trends;

➁ Markets outside China saw an 8% increase, led by Mobile Core Network, Optical Transport, and Service Provider Router & Switch segments;

➂ Huawei gained market share, while Ericsson and Nokia slightly declined; 2025 global revenues are projected to grow 2%-3%, up from previous flat forecasts.

① China bans Canadian research firm TechInsights, a key entity that revealed Huawei's use of TSMC chips despite U.S. sanctions;

② The ban prohibits Chinese entities from collaborating with TechInsights, citing its role in exposing sensitive tech dependencies of Chinese companies;

③ The move aligns with China's strategic push for semiconductor self-reliance, following TechInsights' reports contradicting Beijing's narrative.

➀ China is constructing a $37 billion centralized AI compute network, converting 760-acre farmland in Wuhu into data hubs for Huawei and telecom giants to bridge the gap with US AI dominance;

➁ The initiative combines UB-Mesh networking, redistribution of idle GPU resources, and subsidies for domestic AI chips amid US export restrictions;

➂ Strategic data clusters near major cities aim to boost inference speeds, while remote centers focus on LLM training, reflecting China's dual urban-rural AI scaling strategy.

➀ Huawei introduces Atlas 950 SuperCluster with 1 FP4 ZettaFLOPS inference and 524 FP8 ExaFLOPS training performance, using 524,288 Ascend 950DT NPUs;

➁ The system spans 64,000 m² (equivalent to 150 basketball courts) and aims to challenge Nvidia's Rubin-based clusters through massive parallelism;

➂ Planned Q4 2027 launch of Atlas 960 SuperCluster with 4 MXFP4 ZettaFLOPS signals aggressive roadmap in China's AI hardware push.

➀ China's Cyberspace Administration (CAC) banned major tech firms like ByteDance and Alibaba from purchasing Nvidia’s AI chips, including the newly released RTX Pro 6000D and previously restricted H20.

➁ Beijing asserts that domestic AI chips from Huawei and Cambricon now rival Nvidia’s China-specific products, prompting companies like Tencent to accelerate local infrastructure development.

➂ Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang expressed disappointment but acknowledged geopolitical complexities, while China’s move aligns with efforts to reduce reliance on U.S. tech amid ongoing trade tensions.

➀ The RF front-end module market is projected to grow from $15.4 billion (2024) to over $17 billion by 2030, driven by 5G/6G adoption and innovation despite cost pressures;

➁ Chinese OEMs like Huawei, Vivo, and Xiaomi are empowering domestic RF suppliers to disrupt traditional leaders (Qualcomm, Broadcom) through vertical integration and compact module designs;

➂ With accelerated 6G R&D and government support, Chinese players aim to redefine global market dynamics, challenging established players.

➀ Huawei introduced its UB-Mesh interconnect technology at Hot Chips 2025, targeting large-scale AI SuperNodes with up to a million chips;

➁ The architecture employs a unified protocol and hybrid topology to reduce costs, improve scalability, and ensure reliability for data center-scale deployments;

➂ Key innovations include resilient optical links and hierarchical redundancy to address high error rates and node failures in gigaWatt AI data centers.

➀ RAN revenues outside China grew for the third consecutive quarter in Q2 2025, reversing a two-year decline, according to Dell’Oro;

➁ Growth in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa nearly offset declines in the Caribbean, Latin America, and Asia Pacific;

➂ Huawei and Ericsson dominate regional markets (China and North America), with the global RAN vendor ranking led by Huawei, Ericsson, Nokia, ZTE, and Samsung, while long-term growth remains flat despite stabilization.

➀ Huawei's UCM software optimizes AI data distribution across multiple memory types to bypass HBM dependency, achieving 22x throughput gain and 90% latency reduction;

➁ Tested in China UnionPay's real-world applications, the tool addresses China's HBM supply constraints under U.S. export controls;

➂ Aligns with China's push for tech independence, including reported restrictions on Nvidia's H20 GPUs and reduced reliance on Western hardware.

➀ China launches two AI alliances: the Model-Chip Ecosystem Innovation Alliance and the Shanghai AI Committee, aiming to reduce reliance on U.S. tech.

➀ The Model-Chip Alliance focuses on integrating domestic AI hardware (e.g., Huawei, Biren) with software to streamline development amid restricted access to NVIDIA GPUs.

➁ The alliances seek interoperability through standardized APIs and frameworks, potentially accelerating China's AI ecosystem and global competitiveness.

➀ A Huawei CloudMatrix 384 cluster with 384 Ascend 910C chips outperforms Nvidia H800 in running DeepSeek's R1 LLM, achieving 300 PFLOPS BF16 compute power;

➁ The solution consumes 4x more energy (559 kW vs. Nvidia's 145 kW) with 2.3x lower efficiency, but benefits from China's abundant electricity resources;

➂ Despite Nvidia's technological lead, Huawei's brute-force approach using optical interconnects and domestic NPUs offers Chinese clients a viable alternative under export restrictions.

➀ U.S. bans EDA software exports to China, blocking updates for Synopsys/Cadence users;

➁ Xiaomi (3nm XRing 01 SoC), Lenovo and Bitmain's advanced chip designs impacted;

➂ Chinese EDA tools (Empyrean/Primarius/Semitronix) lag in cutting-edge nodes but advance in localization.

➀ IDC forecasts 0.6% YoY growth in 2025 smartphone shipments to 1.24 billion units, citing market saturation and longer refresh cycles;

➁ China's 3% growth is driven by government subsidies benefiting Android, while Apple faces a 1.9% decline due to Huawei competition and subsidy ineligibility;

➂ The US market grows 1.9% despite trade war impacts, mitigated by carrier deals and premium device launches in late 2025.

➀ The Q1 2025 high-end router market achieved its first year-over-year growth since Q2 2023, rising 10% with strong performance across all segments, especially in service provider Core and Edge Routers;

➁ Huawei led the market with a 23% revenue surge, gaining 3% market share, while Juniper and Nokia grew 16% and 14% respectively, but Cisco declined despite growth in Core Router sales driven by its RON solutions;

➂ Market uncertainty remains due to potential U.S. government policies that could increase costs and hinder economic expansion.

➀ Q1 2025 Mobile Core Network (MCN) market surged 32% YoY, led by China's 122% growth and 12% growth in non-China regions.

➀ Growth drivers include 5G Standalone (SA) network expansion, replacement of VNFs with CNFs, and subscriber migration from 4G to 5G, with ZTE benefiting from major projects in China.

➂ Dell’Oro forecasts 5G MCN market growth of 15% YoY in 2025, with Huawei, ZTE, Ericsson, and Nokia leading vendor rankings globally and regionally.

➀ China aims to capture 40% of its domestic AI chip market in 2024, led by local players like Huawei's Ascend series, Cambricon, Alibaba's Hanguang 800, and Baidu's Kunlun chips;

➁ Global competitors such as Intel, AMD, Google (Trillium TPU), AWS (Trainium), and Meta (MTIA) are advancing their own AI processors, intensifying pressure on Nvidia;

➂ Imec's proposal for reconfigurable AI processors could disrupt current development paradigms, potentially challenging the strategies of major AI chip designers.

➀ The U.S. Commerce Department prohibits global use of Huawei's Ascend AI chips, citing violations of export controls due to alleged use of U.S. technology;

➁ Nvidia views Huawei as a formidable competitor but highlights challenges in replacing its dominance, as Huawei faces sanctions limiting access to advanced chipmaking tools;

➂ The crackdown underscores U.S. efforts to maintain AI leadership, even as Chinese firms like Biren and Moore Threads emerge as potential long-term challengers.

➀ The U.S. Department of Commerce's BIS banned the use of Huawei’s Ascend 910B/C/D AI chips, claiming they utilize U.S. technology, with violators facing severe penalties;

➁ Huawei’s Ascend 910C-based servers reportedly outperform NVIDIA’s most powerful GPUs, but production shortages limit their availability even for Huawei itself;

➂ BIS revoked the AI Diffusion Rule and plans new regulations, potentially easing restrictions for U.S. companies exporting AI chips to China.