03/02/2025, 07:52 AM UTC
ASML 技术护城河The Impenetrable Technological Moat of ASML
<p>➀ ASML的EUV光刻技术实现了极高精度，需要大量资源，总成本高达25亿美元。关键技术包括将激光发射至锡滴产生等离子体光源，每秒执行5万次，热量达太阳表面40倍。EUV机器还依赖超光滑镜子，精度极高。</p><p>➁ ASML的技术进步支持摩尔定律，使半导体更先进，助力如NVIDIA等公司制造复杂芯片。ASML在光刻领域领先，技术护城河深厚，其他公司难以超越。</p><p>➂ 这种精度（EUV）需要花费25亿美元，包括40个集装箱、20辆卡车和3架大型喷气机来运输一台EUV机器。</p><p>➃ EUV机器的光源涉及将激光发射到大约一粒花粉大小的锡滴上，这个过程每秒必须执行5万次。</p><p>➄ ASML的镜子光滑得令人难以置信，如果这些镜子和德国面积一样大，那么最大的瑕疵也将小于一毫米。</p><p>➅ 摩尔定律很大程度上依赖于ASML，其技术进步将导致更先进的半导体，使芯片能够执行更复杂的算法。</p><p>➆ 在光刻领域，没有人能接近ASML，他们的护城河在另一个层面上。</p><p>➀ ASML's EUV lithography technology achieves extremely high precision, requiring massive resources and a total cost of $2.5 billion. The key technology includes emitting a laser to a tin droplet to produce a plasma light source, which is executed 50,000 times per second, with heat reaching 40 times that of the sun's surface. The EUV machine also relies on ultra-smooth mirrors with extremely high precision.</p><p>➁ ASML's technological progress supports Moore's Law, making semiconductors more advanced and helping companies like NVIDIA manufacture complex chips. ASML leads in the lithography field with a deep technological moat that is difficult for other companies to surpass.</p><p>➂ The precision (EUV) required costs $2.5 billion, involving 40 shipping containers, 20 trucks, and 3 large jet planes to transport one EUV machine.</p><p>➃ The EUV machine's light source involves emitting a laser to a tin droplet about the size of a pollen grain. This process must be executed 50,000 times per second, meaning it occurs every 0.00002 seconds.</p><p>➄ ASML's mirrors are incredibly smooth, with the largest flaw being less than one millimeter if the mirrors were as large as Germany.</p><p>➅ Moore's Law largely depends on ASML, and continued technological advancement will lead to more advanced semiconductors, enabling chips to execute more complex algorithms.</p><p>➆ No one is close to ASML in the lithography field, with their moat on another level.</p>
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