<p>➀ A joint research project by Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf and Universität Innsbruck explores manganese as a sustainable alternative to rare-earth elements in LED phosphors;</p><p>➁ Mn²⁺ in alkali lithosilicates demonstrates stable white-light emission under high temperatures, potentially replacing dual rare-earth phosphors in LEDs;</p><p>➂ The innovation addresses geopolitical and cost challenges of rare-earth mining while improving material accessibility and thermal performance for lighting applications.</p>