<p>➀ Metamaterials are artificial composites with unique properties like negative refractive index, enabling control of electromagnetic, thermal, and acoustic waves in electronic devices; </p><p>➁ Applications include thermal management in 3D ICs, flexible electronics, energy conversion, and advanced designs using AI-driven optimization; </p><p>➂ Future prospects involve programmable metamaterials for wearables, medical imaging, and smart systems, alongside challenges in scalable fabrication.</p>