<p>➀ A research team at Kiel University discovered a groundbreaking phenomenon in graphene, where precise laser pulses control electron movement within femtoseconds, enabling ultra-fast spatial switching; </p><p>➁ Simulations revealed that homogeneous graphene clusters allow electron localization at specific edges, driven by topological states and electronic structure, ensuring stability even under disturbances; </p><p>➂ This innovation could accelerate electronic devices to the petahertz range (10,000x faster than current GHz technology), though challenges remain in integrating these processes into real circuits for applications like AI chips and high-performance computing.</p>