<p>➀ The University of Bath developed the TOPCAT II payload with a multi-frequency GPS receiver for the Orpheus mission to study ionospheric electron content and improve space weather modeling;</p><p>➁ The mission involves dual CubeSats in Low Earth Orbit, aiming to provide data for resilient satellite design and support Space Domain Awareness (SDA);</p><p>➂ Funded by the UK's Dstl and led by Astroscale, the project follows the failed 2023 CIRCE mission, with a planned 2027 launch and three-year operation.</p>