1. Sodium-ion batteries are gaining attention in India, raising questions about the future of lithium-ion batteries. 2. Hydrogen as a fuel cell and combustion fuel faces challenges in storage and cost. 3. The evolution of India’s commercial electric vehicle space is positive, with battery swapping emerging as a key trend. 4. The adoption of lithium batteries is expected to continue due to their performance and decreasing prices. 5. Efforts to establish cell manufacturing in India are underway, supported by government schemes and major corporations. 6. Sodium-ion technology faces challenges in supply chain and reproducibility, and its success in practical applications remains to be seen.